Tuesday, April 8, 2014

Impact of Decriminalization on Society

Those who are skeptical of legalizing marijuana may have this view because they fear that the legalization of such a drug could have harmful effects on our society. Some people may believe that legalizing cannabis could lead to a huge increase in addiction and crime, as well as causing a drain on our criminal justice system. However, the prohibition of alcohol in the early 20th century caused a notable increase in consumption, addiction, and organized crime all throughout the country. The prohibition of cannabis which is seen today is no different. Why should the United States government continue to waste billions of taxpayers' dollars on the pointless war on drugs? The belief that prohibition works is highly illogical based on historical evidence, and there are several instances which demonstrate that legalizing cannabis could actually have very positive results on our society.
For example, Portugal legalized all drugs in June of 2001, and skeptics predicted disaster just like they do today in the United States. However, a lawyer and author by the name of Glenn Greenwald began researching the effects of legal drugs in Portugal, and the results were very good. Greenwald told Time magazine, “Judging by every metric, drug decriminalization in Portugal has been a resounding success. It has enabled the Portuguese government to manage and control the drug problem far better than virtually every other Western country" (O’Neil). Glenn Greenwald’s research study concluded that rates of drug addiction and HIV both decreased drastically as a direct result of Portugal’s decision to decriminalize all drugs. Greenwald is quoted as saying, "By freeing its citizens from the fear of prosecution and imprisonment for drug usage, Portugal has dramatically improved its ability to encourage drug addicts to avail themselves of treatment. The resources that were previously devoted to prosecuting and imprisoning drug addicts are now available to provide treatment programs to addicts” (O’Neil).
An essay titled “The Decriminalization Movement” by Dr. James Austin outlines the potential effects of the legalization of cannabis on our society. Dr. James makes a very convincing argument for why we should decriminalize marijuana, and he discusses the positive effects that it would have on our overcrowded justice system. An excerpt from the essay says the following, “Perhaps the most powerful and appealing argument for marijuana decriminalization (and/or decriminalizing other drugs) is that it would save a huge amount of government money now being spent on the enforcement of such laws. The basic tenets of the cost saving argument can be summarized as follows: 1. The criminal justice system, ranging from police to corrections, now allocates a significant portion of its budgets arresting, prosecuting, sentencing and incarcerating marijuana users, dealers and others involved in the illegal drug infrastructure (e.g., transporters, manufacturers of drug paraphernalia, etc.). 2. If these behaviors would no longer be labeled as criminal, criminal justice agencies would reduce the enforcement and processing tasks now associated with such crimes. 3. There is a direct relationship between the proportion of arrests or cases processed for marijuana crimes by the criminal justice system and the amount of money expended by these same agencies. 4. By reducing or eliminating these marijuana related events, there would be a proportionate decrease in the agency expenses” (James).

Austin, James, Ph.D. "The Decriminalization Movement." NORML. The JFA Institute, n.d. Web. 07 Apr. 2014.
This is an essay which I stumbled upon while browsing the website for the organization NORML, which stands for National Organization to Reform Marijuana Laws. This website was extremely useful in obtaining all kinds of information related to cannabis. This essay is written by James Austin Ph.D who is writing for the JFA Institute, an unbiased organization that evaluates criminal justice practices in order to create research based policy solutions. This article was incredibly useful to me for this project because it provided me with lots of solid statistics regarding the effects of decriminalization on our society. Austin addresses decriminalization’s effect on use, crime, arrests and court processing, as well as its impact on the correctional system and government expenditures.

O'Neil, Tony. "Ten Years Ago Portugal Legalized All Drugs -- What Happened Next?"Alternet. The Fix, 14 July 2011. Web. 07 Apr. 2014.
This was an article that I found when I was searching for information regarding Portugal’s decision to legalize all drugs. The article is written by Tony O’Neil and was posted on a website called Alternet in July of 2011, ten years after Portugal’s decriminalization of drugs. An attorney and author by the name of Glenn Greenwald conducted research about the effects of Portugal’s decriminalization on its society.  I feel that the United States, as well as other nations, can use Portugal as a model for how to address their country’s drug problems, and this article provides evidence to support that claim.

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